[color=rgb(55, 64, 78)]Guyana was the first country in the Western Hemi-sphere to receive Hindu immigrants from India. On May 5, 1838, the British ship Whitby docked at Guyana’s Berbice Colony with 249 immigrants on board, 164 of whom were East Indians bound for the sugar plantations of Davidson, Barclay and Company in Highbury and Waterloo. As many immigrants to the Caribbean were, these East Indians were contracted as
[/color][color=rgb(55, 64, 78)][/size] indentured laborers to fill the labor shortage that resulted from Britain’s abolition of slavery in 1833. As newly freed Afri-cans demanded higher wages and entered dif-ferent labor markets, colonial officials turned to India as a source of cheap labor.
Guyana attracted many from western Bihar, eastern Uttar Pradesh, and other regions in north-ern India that had been affected by famine and poverty. Between 1838 and 1917, 238,960 Indian men, women, and children immigrated to Guy-ana. Most were farmers, but a small number of educated Brahmins also arrived, despite British policies aimed at preventing their passage. British officials believed that Brahmins would incite dis-sent among workers. As many as 75,000 inden-tured servants returned to India at the completion of their contracts. The rest remained and settled in permanent colonies. Hindus endured unfair treatment on the plan-tations and were pressured to convert to Chris-tianity. Work in the fields had no regard for the needs of Hindu prayer, ritual, or religious ceremo-nies. Hindus were sequestered, placed on separate plantations, and allowed to leave designated areas only with a validated pass. Long days in the field left little time for other activities; workers quickly adapted to certain patterns of Christian worship and adopted Sunday as a day for Hindu prayer and ritual.
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